Which of the following are examples of waterborne diseases?

Typhoid fever, dysentery, and cholera are recognized as waterborne diseases because they are transmitted through contaminated water. These illnesses can result from drinking or using water that has been polluted with pathogens or fecal matter.

Typhoid fever, caused by the bacterium Salmonella typhi, spreads primarily through drinking water contaminated by the feces of an infected person. Dysentery, often resulting from infectious organisms such as bacteria or parasites, is commonly associated with inadequate sanitation and can be contracted through contaminated water. Cholera is caused by the bacterium Vibrio cholerae and is specifically linked to drinking water contaminated by the feces of infected individuals, leading to severe diarrhea and dehydration.

In contrast, malaria primarily spreads through mosquito bites, hepatitis can be transmitted through various routes including ingestion of contaminated food or water, but is not limited to waterborne transmission, while influenza is a viral infection that spreads primarily through respiratory droplets, not through water. Similarly, leprosy and tuberculosis are diseases primarily transmitted through direct contact or airborne routes, rather than through water.