What is the term for the height or energy of water above a specific point?

The term that refers to the height or energy of water above a specific point is known as "head." In hydrology and fluid mechanics, "head" is a critical concept that quantifies the potential energy of water due to its elevation relative to a reference point. It is commonly expressed in units of length, such as meters or feet, and reflects the ability of the water to do work, such as flow or generate pressure.

In various applications, head is an essential factor in determining flow rates, pressures in pipes, and the potential for water to perform tasks such as turbine operation in hydropower generation. Understanding head allows professionals in the environmental compliance field to assess water systems effectively and implement proper management practices for water resources.